Paragraph Writings
1. (a) What does climate change mean? (b) What are the causes of climate change? (c) What are the effects of climate change? (d) Why is Bangladesh vulnerable to climate change? (e) What is the world's largest mangrove forest? Why is it at risk now?
Climate change
Changes in the earth’s weather including changes in temperature, wind patterns and rainfall refer to as climate change. Climate change is a long term change in weather patterns over a long period of time. It is now a major global concern. Greenhouse gases that include carbon dioxide, methane and CFC are the main causes of this climate change. Our atmosphere which is guarded by an ozone layer resists the entrance of ultra-violet rays from the sun causing greenhouse effect. Climate change is the worst of all the problems that affect all the flora and fauna of the environment. Bangladesh, being a low-lying land, may become the worst victim of it. There are many plants and animals that are vulnerable to climate change. The summer and rainy seasons are already prolonging and winter is shrinking. The river banks are being eroded and crop land is being reduced. Besides, saline water is intruding into the rivers in the coastal areas resulting in damage to farm lands. Moreover, floods, droughts and other disasters hit the country more frequently nowadays. Over the past century, sea level has risen by 10 to 20 centimeters as a result of global warming. The Sundarbans, world’s largest mangrove forest, is also at severe risk. All these lead to more landless people and climate refugees in the country. It is high time we got united to save the planet for our own sake. (Words : 234)
2. (a) What is meant by global warming? (b) What is the
main cause of global warming? How does
it occur? (c) What will happen as a result of long term global worming? (d)
What should be done to solve this problem?
Global
Warming
Global warning is one of the most talked topics of the present world. There are many reasons of global warming around the world and it has disastrous effects on us. Greenhouse effect is the main cause of global warming. The rise in the atmospheric temperature is known as greenhouse effect. Our atmosphere is guarded by an ozone layer which resists the entrance of ultra-violet rays from the sun. But deforestation around us and the increased amount of carbon dioxide, methane and chloro fluoro carbons affect that layer. The heat of the sun enters directly into the atmosphere of the earth. Scientists are worried about this increased heat because it is melting the ice in the polar-regions. If this process continues for a long time, the layer of water in the oceans will rise and flood coastal areas and farm lands of Bangladesh. besides, this will reduce mankind's ability to grow food, destroy or severely damage wild life and wilderness. So, greenhouse effect is the main cause of global warming along with deforestation and rise of CFC gas. So, in order to solve this problem we have to prevent or reduce the amount of emission of greenhouse gases. We should give it the highest importance to save the world otherwise it will not be suitable for our living anymore. (Words : 217)
3. a. Are females neglected or maltreated in our society? b. What are the effects of their being neglected and uneducated? c. What is the importance of your think of female education? d. How do women contribute to nation-building activities? e. What should be our attitude towards female education?
Female
Education
The prosperity of a country mainly depends
on the education of her population. About 50% of the total population of our
country is female. But in our society girls are victims of extreme neglect
and disrespect. Even, sometimes they are deprived of education. As a result,
the nation suffers terribly. In no way, we can expect our prosperity to avoid
half of our population. Education is the prerequisite of any development.
So, female education is a must for our overall development. Female
education improves the health and nutritional status of the country. It also
reduces population growth, increases economic productivity. In fact, women’s
contribution to nation-building activities cannot be described in words. The
importance of female education can be understood by a quote from Napoleon –
“Give me an educated mother, I shall promise you the birth of a civilized,
educated nation.” But it is very shocking to note that even today many parents
are unwilling to educate their daughters. Religious misinterpretation and
social superstition contribute largely to it. Moreover, girls are often
harassed on the streets, which makes many girls reluctant to go to school or
college. It is high time we took the issue of female education with due
importance. For this, first of all, we have to change our outlook towards
girls’ education realizing the importance of educating girls. At the same time,
the root of the social disease called eve-teasing has to be eradicated. All
necessary steps should also be taken to encourage girls’ education. In this way
we can ensure a country of real peace and prosperity.
4. (a) What kind of family do you live in? Extended or nuclear? (b) Why is nuclear family getting popular day by day? (c) What are the advantages you find in a nuclear family? (d) What are the disadvantages of it? (e) Do you think the society is following right way? [SB '12; CtgB '09, '03; JB '07]
The
Family I Live In
There
are two types of family found in our society, one is extended or large family
and the other is nuclear or small family. In an extended family people live
with their parents, grand parents, uncles, aunts and cousins. Only husbands and
wives live with their children in a nuclear family. I live with my parents in a
nuclear family. Nowadays nuclear family is getting popularity in our society
for various reasons. Now, people want to live in cities as cities provide lots
of sources of income. But, life in cities is not so easy now. Even though, they
earn much, they cannot maintain a family with eight or nine members. So, they
prefer to live in a nuclear family. The
members of a nuclear family enjoy some advantages. they lead a life where there is no noise or confusion. they get much time to concentrate on
their own work. Children grow up in a suitable environment. But, it has some
disadvantages also. members of a
nuclear family feel lonely as all of them are busy with their own work. They
cannot share their feelings. it
makes people self-centered (Av͇Kw›`ªK).
But it is the need of modern life to form nuclear family because life has
become very busy and competitive now. (Words : 211)
5. (a) What kind of family do you live in, extended or nuclear? (b) What are the advantages you find in an extended family? (c) What are the disadvantages of it? (d) Do you like an extended family? (e) If so, why? If not, why?
Extended
Family
I live in an extended family with my parents, two brothers, grandparents and my uncles. It is a family where all members share each other's feelings. The household activities are also done together. My grandparents are the senior guardians in the family. So, I get not only my parents but also my grandparents and uncles as guardians. I am never lonely. Sometimes guests are available and I have to share my own room and almost in every week we have programmes and celebrations like birthday celebrations and celebrations on good occasions. I feel some problems also being in an extended family, I do not expect any guest at the time of my examination. Besides my privacy cannot be maintained if my room is shared. Sometimes, I feel myself in a cage because I have many guardians and I do not have any scope to decide anything in my own way. I guess it is really one severe (RwUj) problem in an extended family because a child may lose the capacity to decide something himself/herself. Still then I like an extended family for its sharing and fellow feeling. I know life in a nuclear family is sometimes lonely and boring. So, if I get a little privacy and no disturbance (wek„¸Ljv) in my own way of life I will support an extended family. (Words : 220)
6. (a) Why is English so important? (b) Why should we learn it? (c) What benefits do we get from learning English? (d) What is the present position of English in Bangladesh? (e) What are your suggestions to improve it? [RB'16; BB ’14]
Importance of Learning English
The importance of learning English is beyond description. English is that
common language which is used and understood all over the world. It has become
the second language of our country. We need to know the language for many
reasons. We cannot communicate with the people of other countries in our mother
tongue. We need a language that is common to the people of all the countries.
When we go outside, we use English to communicate with the foreigners. We have
to use English in business correspondence with foreigners. Nowadays businessmen
have to maintain international relations. So they use English language. Next,
we require English language for higher studies because books of higher classes
are written in English. The language of computer, the present wonder of
science, is English. It is not possible to operate computer without knowing
English. Moreover, English is essential in Foreign Service. People who are
engaged in serving international relations must know English. There are many
other jobs like postman, airhostess, hotel receptionist etc. that essentially
require English. In all, English language has become a very indispensable and
unavoidable language for us. The simple ways to improve it are to provide the
students with the standard English text of every class in each school and
college. (Words : 210)
7. (a) What is E-learning? (b) How is its content delivered? (c) What things are included in it? (d) What are the uses and effects of it?
E-learning
E-learning or electronic learning refers to using
electronic applications and
processes to learn. E-learning applications and processes include Web-based
learning, computer-based learning, virtual classrooms
and digital collaboration. Content is delivered via the internet,
intranet/extranet, audio or video tape, satellite TV, and CD-ROM. E-learning was
first called "Internet-based training then "Web-Based Training".
Today we will still find these terms being used. E-learning can be CD-ROM-based,
network-based, intranet-based or internet-based. It can include text, video,
audio, animation and virtual environments. It can be a very rich learning experience
that can even surpass the level of training we might experience in a crowded
classroom. It's self-paced, hands-on learning. The quality of the
electronic-based training, as in every form of training, is in its content and
its delivery. E-learning can suffer from many of the same pitfalls as classroom
training, such as boring slides, monotonous speech, and little opportunity for
interaction. The beauty of e-learning, however, is that new software allows the
creation of very effective learning environments that can engulf us in the
material. We'll use software from Trainersoft as
an example to show us how the process works. E-learning is such a process
through which we can learn many things staying at home. So we should receive
the blessings of this method. (Words : 210)
8. (a) What
is mobile phone? (b) What are the uses and abuses of mobile phone? (c) How do
the students get benefited from the mobile phone? (d) Do you think mobile phone
is a blessing for us? [BB
'17]
Uses and
Abuses of Mobile Phone
Mobile Phone is a great invention
of modern science. It is called so because a user can carry it wherever he goes
out. It has made the interpersonal communication very easy and fast. One can
communicate with the expected person within a few seconds through a mobile
phone. Business communication has become easier because of the use of this
device and all steps of life are benefited by it. It is also helpful for the
students. They can get suggestion of their studies from their friends and
teachers. So the number of consumers of mobile phone is increasing day by day.
Today, more than 170 million people in Bangladesh and over 7.2 billion people
around the world use mobile phones. It spreads so fast that it is now
considered one of the greatest inventions of all time. It makes the world
smaller and brings all closer. But it is unfortunate that it has some negative aspects
too. Criminals also use it for their activities. It causes some health hazard.
Scientists believe that it causes brain tumors by its invisible and
uncontrolled radio activity. Specially the pregnant women and children should
not use it at all. Some students for their overuse are ruining their studies
and becoming victims of different bad things. In spite of all these, mobile
phone is a blessing for us. (Words : 223)
9. (a) What is pollution? (b) What is
water pollution? (c) How do human beings pollute water? (d) How do farmers
pollute water? (e) How do mills and factories pollute water? (f) What diseases
can attack us if we drink polluted water? (g) How can we minimize water
pollution? [JB '13]
Water
Pollution
Pollution is the process of making the element of
environment dirty. The elements of environment such as water, air, soil etc are
getting polluted every day. Of all the pollutions, water pollution
is the most threatening to our life. Water, a vital element of the environment,
is also polluted in different ways. Man pollutes water by throwing waste into
it. Farmers use chemical fertilizers and insecticides in their fields. When
rain and floods wash away some of these chemicals get mixed with water in
rivers, canals and ponds. Mills and factories also throw their poisonous
chemicals and waste products into rivers and canals and thus pollute the water.
Water vehicles also pollute rivers by dumping oil, food waste and human waste
into them. Insanitary latrines and unsafe drains standing on river and canal
banks are also responsible for further pollution. Furthermore, Kutcha drains
running into the canals and rivers cause water pollution. Clean water is safe
for use but polluted water is harmful for man. Water pollution can be prevented
in many ways. We suffer from cholera, diarrhoea, dysentery and many other
water-borne diseases when we drink polluted water. We should refrain from
throwing waste and filth into water to minimize water pollution. However, it is
important to note that water is life, but polluted water causes death. (Words : 218)
10. (a) What
is gender discrimination? (b) Who are the victims of gender discrimination? (c)
What are the causes of it? (d) How does it affect the society? (e) How can this
problem be solved? [DinajB'16; BB '12]
Gender
Discrimination
Gender discrimination is the
practice of treating any gender of the society unfairly. When any person of one
particular gender is not given his or her rights, gender discrimination begins.
Female persons of our society are the worst (Pig Lvivc) sufferers of this discrimination. It starts from the very birth of a
female child, and ends with her death. Our society is dominated by male people.
They think that male child will earn money for the family and female child will
do only domestic chores. So, male children always get prominence. they get the highest of the
opportunities (myweav) available in
the families. But, female children are assigned (Kg©vw`i `vwqZ¡ Ac©Y Kiv) to household works and are married off as soon as possible. So, they
don't get opportunity to flourish their latent (myß) talent (cÖwZfv). Some
of these girls may be at school but after marriage, they only give birth to
children and rear them up. This disparity (AmgZv) causes a great harm to their mentality. they think themselves inferior (wbæZi ev nxbZi) to male people. But, for social development both male and female persons
should contribute equally because the female people are the half of our whole
population. It is not possible for male people to change the socio-economy
without the help of female people. This problem can be solved by raising
awareness in general. (Words : 214)
11. (a) What is environment? (b) What are the
elements of environment? (c) What is environmental pollution? (d) How is
environment polluted? (e) What are the harmful effects of environmental
pollution? (f) How can we prevent
it? [RB
'17; CtgB '14; BB '11]
Environment Pollution
Environmental pollution refers to the pollution of
natural conditions, land, air and water in which human beings, animals and
plants live. There are various types of pollution in the environment. Air
pollution, water pollution, sound pollution, arsenic pollution are some of
them. Air is being polluted by the emission (wbM©Z nIqv) of harmful smoke. Mills and
factories, vehicles with engines produce carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and
many other poisonous gases. By inhaling (wbk¦vm †bIqv) this polluted air, people suffer
from various diseases. Water is polluted very easily. Human waste and
industrial waste are greatly responsible for water pollution. Farmers use pesticides (KxUbvkK) and chemicals for producing
crops. Floods and rain water wash these materials into ponds, rivers and other
sources of water and by drinking this polluted water, people become sick. Again
sound is polluted if it is above 70 decibel. Most of the vehicles use hydrolic
horns which produce unbearable sound. Nowadays arsenic pollution is increasing
alarmingly. If we don't take step to prevent these pollutions, our life on
earth will be hellish (bviKxq). We should make everybody aware of
the harmful effects of these pollutions. This
is not all. Punishment should be given to those bad people who are directly
involved with environmental pollution. (Words
: 200)
12. (a) What is your idea about a book
fair? (b) When and where is it held usually? (c) What purpose does it serve?
(d) How is it organised? (e) What steps can be taken to make such a fair
successful?
[DB
'14; RB '12; RB '10; JB '09; CB '08; CtgB '05; SB '03]
Book
Fair
Nowadays book fairs are
well-known to most of the people both in
villages and towns. A book fair is a display of a great stock of books of
various interests. Every year many book fairs are held in different places of
our country. In the national days such as 21st February, 16th December, 26th
March and also in the new year book fairs are arranged. the two main book fairs held in our country are the Ekushey
Boi mela and the Dhaka Boi Mela.
A book fair is very much popular. Readers can purchase their desired books.
Authors also meet their favourite readers. This year I visited the book fair
arranged by the Bangla Academy on 21st
February. Everywhere there was a
festive look. various
publication companies hire stalls. many
types of necessary articles are found there. all
kinds of books such as drama, novel, poetry, adventure, biography, translation
are usually found. New writers often arrange discussion programmes on their new
books. Seminars and cultural programmes are also held in such a fair. Actually,
books are the best companions and a book
fair only gives us opportunities to seek books from a great collection. if we can arrange a disciplined book
fair, the fair will be successful. (Words : 207)
13. (a) Why is Bangladesh called a
land of natural calamities? (b) What is the most common natural calamity here?
(c) When does it usually occur? (d) What are its effects? (e) Can we control
it?
[JB
'14; DinajB’13; BB '08; CB '04]
Natural
Calamities
Natural
hajards/calamities pose a great threat to the ecological balance of a country.
Natural calamities such as floods, cyclones, earthquakes and erosion etc. are
very dangerous by nature. Bangladesh is called a land of natural calamities. It
is becoming more and more harmful these days. Nowadays it can be very ruinous (¶wZMÖ¯@) to make millions of people its victims in a second. Fires, droughts,
earthquakes, violent storm, flood, river erosion are the most common natural
calamities. Every year cyclone destroys our lives and properties, floods take
away all things to the river and sea, earthquakes destroy our lives and homes.
Cold winter, mist storm impede (e¨vnZ Kiv ev evav †`Iqv) our normal works of everyday life and sometimes destroy man. This is not all, nature is also losing
its balance for ever increasing heat created from carbon dioxide. So,
greenhouse effect is swelling (ùxZ Kiv) the normal level of sea water. After any natural disaster, people who
become shelterless have to depend on the relief and charity of other people.
Actually, we become miserable in any calamities. We cannot resist (†iva Kiv) them. We can only take some steps to lessen the misery of the victims.
We can create consciousness among people and train them how to protect them
from the grim and grave natural hazards. (Words : 217)
14. (a) What
is gender equality? (b) What is its importance? (c) What is the condition of
gender equality in Bangladesh? (d) What are its barriers? (e) Who or what are
responsible for these barriers? (f) How is gender equality related to the
overall development in our country? (g) What steps would you recommend to
ensure gender equality? [DB '12]
Gender
Equality
Gender equality means the practice of treating any gender
fairly. It is very important in every society through the whole world.
According to the United Nations, gender equality is regarded the first and
foremost human right. But in Bangladesh the condition of gender equality is different.
In our society we notice that female persons are the worst sufferers of gender
inequality. There are many barriers in our country. From the birth of a male
child, he gets the most facilities from the society. On the contrary, from the
very birth of a female child, gender disparity starts and ends with her death.
Our society is dominated by the males. They think that male child will earn
money for the family and female child will do only domestic chores. So, male
children are always welcomed. There are many reasons for these barriers. The
male dominated society is responsible firstly. Then poverty, illiteracy, the
disparity of attitude are also responsible for gender inequality or barriers.
Gender equality is important for social development. It is not possible for
male people to change the socio-economy without gender equality. The old
tradition should be changed. Awareness among the general people and the
government should be increased. All should work hand in hand to develop our
country. (Words : 211)
15. (a) What is an earthquake?
(b) How frequent is it now in Bangladesh? (c) Are our people aware of the
gravity of its loss? (d) Why are experts giving more attention to the issue of
earthquake in recent times? (e) What precautions would you suggest as safety
measures against
earthquake? [CB'16;
CtgB '10]
Earthquake
Earthquake is one of the most
common natural calamities on earth. Earthquake is an abrupt (AvKw¯§K) movement of a
part of the Earth's surface caused by deep crack in the Earth or by volcanic (Av‡Mœq) eruption (AMœ~¨rcvZ). It causes great
disaster. Bangladesh is in the active earthquake area. Now, it is frequently (NbNb) felt in
Bangladesh. But the people of our country are not conscious enough
about the gravity (AwfKl©) of this dangerous natural calamity.
Most of the buildings of our country will be destroyed if they are not built in
accordance with an earthquake resistant (cÖwZ‡ivaK) standard. A group of experts opine that the
repetition of quakes in recent years should be taken as a signal for a major
earthquake. Another group of experts believe that the concern should not be
amplified (ewa©Z Kiv), because there are a number of fault
lines in the geographical area comprising Bangladesh. But none of them is
active enough to pose a major threat. So, in order to protect us from this
impending (Avmbœ) danger, we must be conscious about
the causes and results of earthquake. We should not build house without the
advice of expert. The Government should take steps for this disaster. The
Government should develop earthquake resistant building code that all buildings
should follow as mandatory. (Words :
207)
16. (a) What
is Internet? (b) How does Internet work? (c) How do the teachers help the
students in the developed countries? (d) How does a user operate it? (e) Has
Bangladesh access to Internet in all spheres? [DB'16]
Internet
Internet,
the latest and most wonderful means of worldwide communication, is a
computer-based global network system that has created a great revolution in the
world. It is the cheapest and fastest means of communication for business and
commerce. The information system of the world has become globalized with the
magical touch of internet. Like a spider-web the internet has spread its
interconnected link with tens, hundreds or even thousands of computers.
Internet has brought new opportunities to government, education and business.
In the developed countries teachers send every study material and course to
every individual student through internet. Picture, data and many other things
also can be sent through internet. If one wants to use internet, one has to
learn how to operate it. Firstly, the user needs a particular software to
install in his computer. Next, he has to click on the browsing icon
where a space for writing the address on the web page will appear. One can go
for a searching engine in order to find a particular web page or a piece of
information. Bangladesh, as a developing country does not have access to the
internet in all spheres except the banking system and educational institutions. (Words : 200)
17. (a) What is the most talked about issue at the
present moment? (b) What are the causes of price hike? (c) What are the effects
of price hike? (d) What should be done to remove the curse of price hike? [DB
'15]
Price hike/Price spiral
Price hike or the increase of price of the daily
essential commodities is the most talked about issue at the present time. In
our country it has become a usual phenomenon now. The price of the daily
commodities is soaring sky high to go out of reach of the poor and the lower
middle class people of our country. There are a lot of causes behind this price
hike. Hoarding of essential commodities by the dishonest businessmen is one of
the causes of price hike. Smuggling and black marketing by traders and people
in general are also important factors causing price rise. Many dishonest men
have earned huge black money through black marketing. This has caused great
suffering to the people. Shortage of supply due to low production also
accelerates the price hike of essential goods. At present syndicate business
has added to this plight. Due to inflation price hike is more acute in our
country. Government mechanism to curb price hike is defective. Many poor
villagers cannot afford to manage two square meals a day. Very often they
suffer from malnutrition and other diseases. Many even die without getting
proper medical treatment. Public awareness against illegal hoarders of the
daily necessaries, smugglers and black marketeers can remove this curse from
the country. (Words : 213)
18. (a) What do we know by reading
newspapers? (b) Why do people read newspaper? (c) How does newspaper help the
people of different strata? (d) What are the drawbacks of newspaper? (e) How
does misunderstanding take place through newspaper?
Importance of Reading Newspaper
Reading newspaper is a good habit which
provides us to know a lot of essential things of home and abroad. People read
them for both pleasure and information. A politician can learn about political
situations. An economist and a businessman can be aware of the economy and
business. People interested in sports and games can learn about the
sports-world. Students can also learn many things from the pages of newspapers
that fulfill their thirst for knowledge. The film fans go through the cinema
page to get the thrill of the showbiz world. From the advertisement column the
job seekers and traders get useful hints and details. In fact, by reading
newspapers we can be up-to-date and we need it in order to face the competitive
changing world. However, sometimes a newspaper misleads people. Some of the newspapers
publish news supporting political parties. Sometimes they write columns to gain
benefits from the ruling party. For this, misunderstanding takes place and many
unexpected incidents happen. So, we can say that though a newspaper has some
disadvantages, it has a lot of advantages too. On the whole, newspaper reading
is a very good habit. In order to keep ourselves up-to-date with news and
views, we should read newspaper daily (Words : 208)
19. (a) Who is an ideal student? (b) What are the
duties of an ideal student? (c) What are the outstanding qualities of an ideal
student? (d) Is he obedient to his parents and
teachers? [CB
'17; SB ’14]
An Ideal Student
An ideal student is an all-rounder
having many different qualities, skills and abilities. He/she is an asset for
the school and for the country. Punctuality is a good virtue for all. An ideal
student is always regular and punctual in attending the class and submitting
the assignment. A good student is very studious. He/she learns and earns and
his/her learning is an asset. He/She does not leave anything undone for
tomorrow that can be done today. An ideal student always speaks the truth. So
it is seen that an ideal student always remains ahead and success embraces
him/her all the times. All these qualities make him/ her different from other
students. We need simplicity and sincerity in all walks of life. An ideal
student is simple in behaviour, sincere in activities and dedicated towards the
nation. He/she should be polite in his/her behaviour in order to be loved and
cared for by all. He provides a model that other students follow. He/she is
always obedient to his parents and teachers. Bangladesh is marching towards the
progress since her birth. The whole nation wants brilliant students. In this
context, an ideal student is given utmost priority. Everybody loves an ideal
student. (Words : 200)
20. (a) What is food adulteration? (b) How
the foods are adulterated? (c) What is the demerits of food adulteration? (d)
How can the problem be solved? [DB
'17; Ctg '17]
Food Adulteration
Food adulteration means making
food or drink less pure by adding or mixing another substance to it. Nowadays
foods are often adulterated. In hotels and restaurants stale and rotten foods
are mixed with fresh food and served to the customers. Fish and vegetables are
adulterated by putting on them chemicals and other preservatives in order to
make them look fresh. Bakery and confectionery products are also prepared by
using toxic substances and thus they get adulterated. Junk food contains
harmful chemicals. Even fruits, milk and beverages are adulterated. In fact all
kinds of foods and food articles are adulterated by dishonest and greedy
businessmen and shop keepers for quick and unearned profit. Adulterated foods
are a serious health hazard. They cause many fatal diseases and even death.
They are the cause behind thousands of people suffering from cancer, kidney
failure, heart problems and other diseases. According to a survey report,
nearly 40% of 82 samples of milk, milk products, fish, fruits and vegetables
have been found contaminated in different areas of Dhaka city. Public awareness
should be created so that they become careful about buying foods and food
articles. Besides, the criminals have to be identified and punished. The
relevant department of the government should remain ever vigilant against food
adulteration and gear up their activities. (Words : 216)
21. (a) How many years does generally
adolescence mean? (b) During this period what does one experience? (c) What are
the problems that adolescents face? (d) What effects long lasting on the future
health of adolescents? (e) What can be the solution for adolescents problem?
Adolescence
Children pass through several
stages to become adult. There are four or five stages of growth: infancy, early
childhood, later childhood, and adolescence. There are some who try to act
older than their age. But most persons go through these stages whatever their
economic or social status is. Adolescence generally covers from 13 to 18 years
of age of a person. During this phase, one experiences critical transition like
growing from childhood to adulthood and puberty. However, many adolescents face
pressure to become alcoholic, drug-addict or chain-smoker that creates their
health problems. These practices put them to high risk for intentional and
unintentional injuries, unintended pregnancies and infections from HIV. These
exert long-lasting effects on future health and well-being. They are not fully
capable of understanding sexual practices and this incapability may make them
particularly vulnerable to sexual exploitation and high-risk behaviours.
Moreover, laws and policies often restrict unmarried adolescents' access to
reproductive issues. For a solution, what older ones should do is to change
their outlook about the adolescents and youths, treat them properly and also
talk to them about various personal problems with an open up mind. They should
go forward with a new look to build up them for the sake of the country's
welfare. (Words : 208)
22. (a) What do you mean by etiquette and good manners?
(b) How do etiquette and good manners help you? (c) Which institution is best
for children to learn etiquette? (d) What do you mean by social etiquette? (e)
Why is it important to be well mannered and have the proper sense of etiquette?
Etiquette and Manners
There are two terms to
describe our social behaviour — 'etiquette' and 'manners'. The first one is a
French word. Etiquette means the rules of correct behaviour in society.
Etiquette and good manners are essential to any civilization. Over the years
the great people of the world have emphasized on etiquette and good manners.
Good manners make you a person, while etiquette makes you socially acceptable.
Etiquettes help you gain respect in society as well as in family. It is
important to say 'please', 'thank you', 'pardon me', 'excuse me', 'may I' etc
in everyday life. Family is the best institution for children to learn
etiquette. Here children learn to respect the decision of all other family
members. They also put into practice the foundation of all social etiquette
here. Social etiquette means how you behave with your friends, neighbours and
strangers. If you show respect and be well mannered with your friends and
neighbours, you are sure to be in list of their favourite persons. They will
trust you and care about you. We should remember that nowadays everyone
observes us. We not only represent ourselves and our family but also our
society, our nation. So it is important to be well mannered and have the proper
sense of etiquette. (Words : 210)
23. (a) Who is your favourite teacher? (b)
Which subject does he teach? (c) How does he teach? (d) What is the speciality
about his teaching? (e) How does he treat students? (f) Why do you like him?
(g) Do you want to be a teacher like him?
My Favourite Teacher
Mr. K. Rahman is
my most favourite teacher. He teaches us English. He has a unique quality to
teach English. He presents his lesson in the class in a fantastic way that
attracts all students. His nice pronunciation and art of speaking make the
students spell-bound to give full attention to his lecture. But he is very easy
and lucid in his expression. He is quite active in the classroom with his
movements and sayings. He gives us many valuable suggestions. Students always
become active participants of his class. He usually shares his own ideas
and views with the students through instructions and interrogations. He has an
extra-ordinary ability to explore the potentials of students. He never
discourages his students by attacking them on any ground. It is his most
uncommon quality that students praise significantly. He is always regular and
punctual in his classes. He makes his lessons very easy and interesting. With
an extra-ordinary depth of knowledge in his subject he is an excellent teacher.
He is honest, sincere and responsible and with all his good qualities he has
become a great personality in our college. In fact, his greatness has created a
sense of inspiration to me. Now I often dream to be a teacher in future like
him. Truly I like my teacher so much. (Words : 219)
24. (a) What is drug addiction? (b) Why
do people take drug? (c) What are the harms caused by drugs? (d) What is remedy
of drug addiction? [DinajB '17]
Drug addiction
Drug addiction, as
curse in modern age leads to an untimely miserable death of the addicts. Drug
addiction is the habit of using non-prescribed medicine for exciting feelings.
Opium, hemp, heroine, morphine, yaba, phensidyl etc. are the main drugs taken
in our country. Drug addiction is the habit of taking an excess of drug for no
physical disease but to get rid of frustration. There are a great variety of
reasons behind drug addiction. Frustration due to unemployment, political
anarchy, lack of family ties and lack of love and affection is the main cause
of drug addiction. Drugs create some kind of dream like feelings and the
drug-takers forget everything for some moments and live in a world of
hallucination. Drug addiction causes a lot of harms not only to the addicts but
also to the society and nation as a whole. Drugs tell upon the human body
terribly. The addicts feel drowsy and his nervous system gradually becomes weak
causing damage to their brain which leads to decay and death. When the addicts
fail to arrange money for buying drugs, they commit various kinds of social
crimes and become dependent on others. Both the government and non-government
agencies including the parents may cure the addicts and help them to live a
happy and peaceful life in the society. (Words : 219)
25. (a) What is a library? (b) How is your
college library? (c) Where is it located? (d) Is there any reading room
attached to it? If yes, how is it? (e) Who maintains the activities of the
library? (f) How are books issued?
Our College Library
A library is a part and parcel of an educational institution. We are really proud of having a very rich library in our college. Our college library is a great attraction for us. It is said that a library is a storehouse of knowledge which can help a man to satisfy his desire for knowing the unknown. Our college library has also a very rich collection of books on various subjects namely novels, fictions, story books, poetry books, plays, autobiographies and periodicals- all arranged in a systematic way in our well decorated library. Books on religion and sports are also available here. Our college library is housed on the 2nd floor of our academic building. Attached to the library there is a well furnished reading room for the students and the teachers. A pin drop silence prevails in the reading room. An efficient and well qualified librarian handles the activities of the library. He is assisted by three peons who are very expert in finding out books to the readers. There exists a calm, quiet and serene atmosphere in our library. Books are issued against library cards. In fact, our college library is a part and parcel of our college life. (Words : 201)
26. (a)
Who was Nelson Mandela? (b) What did he free South Africa from? (c) How many
years was he in prison? (d) What are his personal achievements? (e) What will
he be remembered for?
My Favorite Political Leader/Nelson
Mandela
Nelson
Mandela is an icon of the struggle for justice across the world. He was the
great leader of anti-racist movement in South Africa. He freed South Africa
from the shackles of apartheid and made it a multi-racial democratic country.
He was imprisoned for nearly three decades for his fight against the white
minority rule in South Africa. He never compromised with the tyrant rulers. He
also never lost his resolve to fight. During those years, he was the world's
most celebrated political prisoner. The white-led government tried their best to
suppress the struggle but failed. At last the world community pressed them to
surrender. They released Mandela and admitted to change the country's
constitution. In 1993, Mandela was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize and he became
the country's first black President in 1994. He left public life in 2004.
Nadine Gordimer, the Nobel laureate South African writer, wrote about him,
"He is at the epicenter of our time, our in South Africa, and yours,
wherever you are." In a statement given in 1963 at the Rivonia Trial, he
said, "During my lifetime I have dedicated myself to the struggle of the
African people." He is called "Madiba" by his countrymen. He is
no more but everyone will remember him for his humanity, kindness and dignity. (Words : 216)
27.
Traffic
Jam
Traffic jam refers to a serious road
block when there is a long time of vehicles plying on the road. Now it has
become a common scenario of roads and streets in the big towns and cities of
our country. Several causes are responsible for this traffic jam. Firstly, most
of the roads and streets are narrow and unplanned. Secondly, roads are
insufficient in proportion to our population. Thirdly, a lot of unlicensed
vehicles ply on the roads. Next, many drivers are not aware of the rules and
regulations of driving. Many others are not willing to abide by the traffic
rules. Again, many others are prone to reckless driving and overtaking tendency
leading to unnecessary traffic jam on the roads. Furthermore, small vehicles
like rickshaws, autorickshaws, private cars, hand carts etc also cause
unbearable traffic jam. Above all, the number of traffic police is quite
insufficient to handle it. Traffic jam causes a lot of problems killing our
valuable times. The office-goers, students, patients and general people have to
suffer a lot due to traffic jam. But this situation should be handled rigidly
for the welfare and smooth movement of the people. (Words : 197)
28. My Visit to a Place of Historical Interest
A historical place means a place which bears the testimony of history. It surely has some important past events worth notable in history. A visit to a historical place is not only interesting and exiting but also educative. It is my spontaneous habit to visit the historical places of our country whenever I get time and chance because it gives me much pleasure. Last winter, I visited Bagerhat, a historical place. The place is famous for the Shat Gombuj Mosque and the Mazar of Khan Jahan Ali. I along with my two friends started our journey on the fixed day, and reached the destination after an eight hours journey. When we reached there it was night. So we spent the night at a residential hotel in Bagerhat. Next morning we went out to visit the Shat Gombuj Mosque and the Majar of Khan Jahan Ali. It is three miles away from Bagerhat and we reached there by rickshaw. We were surprised to see the architectural structures of the mosque. It stands on sixty pillars and has seventy seven exquisitely curved domes. The area of mosque is very large and charming. There is a long tank near the mosque named ‘Ghoradighi’. The mosque has been declared as a world heritage site. In fact, this mosque is one of the greatest tourist attractions of Bangladesh. We came to know that this mosque was used not only as a prayer hall but also as a court of justice. We also felt ecstasy to see the unique design of the Mazar of Khan Jahan Ali. It stands on a raised ground. The tomb is made of cutting stone. There is a big tank in front of the mazar. There are some crocodiles in this big tank. When the caretaker called them, they came near. It was a wonderful experience. Then we visited many social works of Khan Jahan Ali such as roads, public buildings etc. It was a great pleasure for me to be at Bagerhat. It was indeed a rewarding visit. The sweet memory of this visit will remain ever fresh in my mind. (Words 351)
29.
Early/Premature Marriage
Early
marriage, child marriage, or premature marriage refers to the marriage of a
girl or boy before the age of 18. There are many reasons behind early or
premature marriage in Bangladesh. Firstly, lack of education is the main reason
for early marriage. Secondly, traditional and religious views are also
responsible for this. Thirdly, the insecurity of girls causes early marriage.
Parents marry their sons off to get dowry from the in-law’s home. Girl’s
parents are unwilling to educate their daughters. They think that girls are
born to do household work in-law’s home. That is why they think it is better to
marry their daughters as early as possible. There are many bad impacts on child
marriage. Child marriage violates children’s rights and puts them at high risk
of abuse, violence, and exploitation. The persons who get premature marriage
suffer a lot in the long run. People, especially in rural areas, tend to marry
their sons and daughters off earlier than the expected time. Marrying at such
premature age. Boys suffer a lot because they have to work hard to run a
family. On the other hand, girls suffer even more. They have to risk their
lives during premature childbirth. We should realize the bad consequence of
premature marriage. The government and the common people must come forward to
stop this evil system. Social awareness should be raised among the people. (Words : 231)
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